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有助高血壓的藥草

by AdminEditor 03 Apr 2024

有益高血壓的食材及藥草

文/郭姿均 Erica Kuo


美國心臟協會幾年前宣布高血壓標準值的最新治療指引,重新定義血壓達130/80毫米汞柱(收縮壓130毫米汞柱、舒張壓80毫米汞柱)以上即為高血壓。這是美國醫學界2003年以來首度更新有關血壓檢測與治療的指引,之前的高血壓定義為140/90毫米汞柱以上。 根據世界衛生組織指出,全球有13%的死亡,都是高血壓造成,有高血壓的人罹患心臟病、腦中風、腎臟病的機率也較一般人高出許多。 

除了運動、飲食及控制鹽份攝取外,許多藥草也有研究證實長時間使用,有助血壓控制及心臟血管功能,

超過十個有助血壓及心臟血管功能的藥草:

  1. 山楂Hawthorn:2006年英國一項研究對第二型糖尿病的患者給予1200毫克的山楂萃取取物,經過16週後,舒張壓顯著下降,同時與藥物沒有交互作用,事實上山楂對心臟衰竭、冠心病、心絞痛及裝有心臟支架具有很好的保護力,是英美執業的藥草師用於緩解心臟疾病首選的藥草,值得一提的是,必須含有山楂葉、山楂果及山楂花等的產品才有此項功效。
  2. 大蒜 Garlic:日常使用的大蒜本身是一種天然的抗血壓劑,大蒜含有「大蒜素」,能夠降低收縮壓,同時作用類似血壓藥「ACE」抑制劑,是一種血管緊張素的抑制劑。

3.Yarrow 歐蓍草:內服幫助發汗,能夠退燒,有助血管壁的彈性及血管回流,有助降血壓、靜脈曲張及痔瘡,甚至一些嚴重發炎造成的發燒,如感冒、膀胱發炎及肺炎等,也很常用到這個藥草,外用還能用於止血,該藥草的拉丁學名取自特洛伊戰爭的第一勇將「阿基里斯」,相傳他刀槍不入就是出生時,其母親捉著他的腳踝,倒栽葱泡在歐蓍草茶汁中,只有腳後跟沒有泡到,後來也成為他的致命點;另有一說是,他常使用歐蓍草為傷兵止血療傷。

4.玫瑰果Rosehip:原生種單瓣玫瑰花的果實,它的果實冷壓油有助皮膚及疤痕的修復,但其果實具有豐富的維他命C,在感冒時期使用,也有助免疫力;一項對肥胖也有糖尿病者的研究,連續六個月的服用玫瑰果粉,結果收縮壓、膽固醇及低密度膽固醇(壞的膽固醇)都下降。

4.洋葱Onions: 洋葱雖然是很便宜的食材,但它的養生功效不可小覷,它含有抗氧化物「flavonol」,「quercetin」, 能夠下降舒張壓及收縮壓。

5.奧勒岡Oregano: 動物實驗發現,奧勒岡中的香芹酚(carvacrol),是一種超強抗氧化物,能夠降低舒張壓、收縮壓及心跳過快的情形 ,在義大利料理及法國普羅旺斯的香料常有這個香草,它的味道辛嗆,但適合與海鮮料理、

6.橄欖油Olives: 被喻為長壽飲食的地中海區,常大量使用橄欖油來料理及冷拌菜餚,研究也發現橄欖油有助降低血壓;除此美國有一種特別的覆盆子油,其油脂比例跟天然魚油接近,也是具有橄欖油的養生功效,同時儲存條件比橄欖油更容易,較不易氧化,我會用於沙拉料理及外塗於皮膚保養上;但要注意覆盆子的比例,有些不肖業者會混入雜油,如果裡面含硬脂酸及棕櫚酸的比例較高,表示含有混雜的油品,不是精純的覆盆子油。

7.銀杏Ginkgo:科學研究,銀杏葉有助末稍血液循環、腦部血流、耳鳴、眩暈、記憶不佳,並有助血壓穩定,如果是使用保健食品,每次必須使用40mg,一天三次,效果較佳。

8.益母草 Motherwort:改善經期不順及舒緩神經焦慮,適合因緊張造成的高血壓。我在中國餐館,還品嚐過新鮮益母草的炒青菜,口味還真不錯,沒有藥味。


9.刺五加 Siberian ginseng: 又稱西伯利亞人蔘,跟人蔘、西洋蔘及黨蔘一樣,為「適應原」藥草,提高人體心理及生理對抗壓力的能力,可做為食材、草精及濃茶。提升活力及抗壓性,可作用於內分泌系統,平衡內分泌系統,無論是心理或生理的壓力或慢性疲勞,均有很好的抗壓解乏的效果。許多研究有助慢性呼吸道過敏、血糖平衡、血壓穩定、降低膽固醇及活化細胞功能


10.黑升麻 Black cohosh: 最有名的功能是調節女性生理機能,改善經前症候群如焦慮、乳房脹痛、更年期症狀如熱潮紅、盜汗、焦慮及失眠,很適合更年期女性又有高血壓及失眠者使用。


其他有助的藥草還包括纈草Valerian、蕁麻Nettle、啤酒花Hops、葫蘆芭籽Fenugreek 、菩提花Linden、西蕃蓮Passionflower等。

同時可以參考舒眠茶

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